Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) ???????????? ??????? ?????? ???????????? Layers ??????????????? ???????

????????????????????? ?????????????????????, ?????? ?????? ?????? ??????????????? ????????? ?????? computer network ?????? Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) ?????? ?????????????????? ????????? ????????? ???????????? ???????????? ?????? ???????????? Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) ???????????? ???????????? ??????, ???????????? ?????????????????? ??????????????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ????????? ?????? ????????? ATM Cell Format ???????????? - ???????????? ?????? ????????? ???????????? ??????????????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??????????????? ????????? ???????????? ???????????? ???????????? ?????? ?????? ??????????????? ?????? Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) ?????? ???????????????????????? ????????? ????????????????????? ?????? ???????????? ????????????

What is ATM in Computer Network in Hindi

ATM ????????? relay ?????? ????????? ?????? ITU-T standardization ?????????????????? ?????? efficient ??????????????? ?????? ?????? ?????? video, voice, ?????? data ???????????? ?????? ???????????? ????????? - ????????? ?????????????????? ?????? service ?????? ??????????????????????????? ???????????? ????????? ?????? ?????? ???????????? - ???????????? fixed ???????????? ?????? ????????????????????? ????????? ???????????? ??????, ????????? ?????? "cells" ?????? ????????? ?????? ???????????? ???????????? ????????? Cells ?????? asynchronously ??????????????? ?????? ????????? ?????? network ???????????? ?????? ?????? connection-oriented ???????????? ?????????

Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) ?????? ????????? ??????????????? ?????? ?????? broadband ISDN ?????? ??????????????? ????????? ???????????? ???????????????????????????????????? ??????, ?????? ?????? 1970 ?????? 1980 ?????? ??????????????? ????????? key events ?????? ?????? ?????????????????? ????????? ????????? ???????????? ?????? ?????? ???????????? ????????? packet switching ?????? evolution ????????? ???????????? ????????? ??????????????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ?????? ?????????????????? 53 bytes ?????? ???????????? ?????? ??????????????? 48 bytes payload ?????? 5 bytes header ???????????? ????????? ?????? ?????? ATM ????????? ???????????? ???????????? ?????? ?????? ???????????? ???????????? ???????????? ?????? ??????????????? ?????? ??????????????? ?????? ??????????????? ???????????? ?????? ???????????? ????????????????????? set up ?????? ????????????

???????????? ?????????, ??????????????? ?????? cells ?????? ?????? ????????? ?????? ?????? path ?????? follow ??????????????? ?????? ???????????? destination ?????? ????????????????????? ?????? ???????????? ?????? ?????? ????????? variable ?????? constant rate traffic ??????????????? ?????? ??????????????? ???????????? ????????? ????????? ???????????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????????? - ????????? ?????????????????? ?????? ????????????????????? ?????? end-to-end service ?????? quality ?????? ????????? ?????? ?????? ???????????? ?????????

Asynchronous Transfer Mode ?????? ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????? ?????? independent ???????????? ??????, ??????????????? ?????? ?????? ???????????? ?????? ??????????????? carrier systems ?????? ??????????????? package ???????????? ?????? ???????????? ?????? ?????? ????????? package ?????? ????????? wire ?????? fiber themselves ?????? ???????????? ?????? ???????????? ????????? ATM ????????????????????? virtual circuits ?????? ????????? "cell" ?????? "Packet" switching ?????? ??????????????? ???????????? ????????? ???????????? ?????? ?????????????????? ???????????? ?????? ?????? high-performance ????????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ?????? implementation ????????? ???????????? ?????????????????? ????????? ???????????? ?????????

Layers of (ATM) Asynchronous Transfer Mode in Hindi

AAL (ATM Adaption Layer):

ATM Adaption Layer ?????? ?????? ????????? ??????????????? ????????? ?????? ???????????? ?????? ?????? ?????????????????? ?????? higher-layer protocols ?????? ATM processes ?????? ????????? ???????????? ?????? ???????????? ?????? ???????????? ?????? ????????? ??????????????? ???????????? ???????????? ?????? ????????? ?????? ???????????? ?????? cells ????????? ???????????? ?????? ?????????, ???????????? segment ???????????? ?????? ????????? 48-???????????? cell payloads ???????????? AAL protocol ???????????? ???????????? ???????????? ???????????? services ?????? transmission ????????????????????? ???????????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ???????????? ????????? ?????? applications ?????? ATM cells ?????? ???????????? ????????? ???????????? ?????? ????????? ????????? ???????????? ?????? ???????????? ?????? ???????????? ????????? ?????? data ?????? voice ????????????

Physical Layer:

?????? transmission convergence sublayer ?????? physical medium-dependent sublayer ?????? ?????? ???????????? ????????? ????????? ????????? ???????????? ?????? ?????? ?????? medium-dependent ?????????????????????????????? ?????? manage ???????????? ????????? ???????????? ????????? ??????????????? ?????????????????? ?????? ?????? ???????????? ????????? ????????? ?????????

• ?????? ATM cell ?????? boundaries ?????? ????????? ????????? ????????? ???????????? ?????? ???????????? ??????????????? ???????????? ???????????? ?????????
• Cells ?????? convert ???????????? bitstream ????????? ????????? ???????????? ?????????
• ????????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??????????????? ???????????? ?????? ?????? Cells ?????? appropriate type ?????? ??????????????? ????????? ??????????????? ???????????? ?????????
• ?????? ?????? reception ?????? physical medium ????????? bits ?????? ?????????????????????????????? ?????? ???????????????????????? ???????????? ?????????

ATM Layer:

?????? switching, cell header processing, transmission, congestion control, ?????? sequential delivery ????????? ?????? ????????????????????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??????????????? ???????????? ????????? ???????????? ??????????????? ?????? virtual circuits ?????? ?????? ????????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ????????? physical link ?????? ???????????? ???????????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ???????????? ?????? ???????????? cell multiplexing ?????? ????????? ?????? ???????????? ???????????? ????????? ??????????????? cells ?????? ATM ????????????????????? ?????? ???????????? ?????????????????? ???????????? ?????? ???????????? cell relay ???????????? ?????? ?????? ?????? process ????????? cell header ????????? ????????? ????????? ????????? VPI ?????? VCI ?????? ??????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ?????? ??????????????? ???????????? ?????????

ATM vs DATA Networks (Internet)

• Virtual circuit-based ATM: ????????? ????????? ???????????? ???????????? path reserve ???????????? ???????????? ?????? ????????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ?????????????????????????????? ???????????? ???????????? ????????? ???????????? ????????? ????????? ?????? ????????? Internet Protocol (IP) ?????? ?????? ?????? Connectionless ???????????? ?????? ?????? ??????????????? end-to-end ?????????????????? ?????? ?????????????????? ??????????????? ???????????? ???????????? ????????? internet ?????? RSVP ?????? ????????? signaling protocol ?????????
• ATM Cells: ???????????? ???????????? ?????? Fixed ?????? ????????????????????? ?????? ????????? ????????? data ?????? voice, Asynchronous Transfer Mode Cells ???????????? ????????? ????????????, IP packets ?????? ???????????? ?????? ?????? ????????? variable size ?????? ???????????? ?????????
• Addressing: TM ??????????????????????????? ?????? ????????? 20-byte ?????? global NSAP addresses ?????? ??????????????? ???????????? ?????? ?????? ???????????? ??????????????? cells ????????? ???????????? ?????? ?????? local ????????? ?????? assign ?????? ????????? labels ?????? ?????? ??????????????? ???????????? ?????? ?????? 32-byte ?????? ???????????? ????????? ???????????? ???????????? ????????? ?????? IP ?????? ???????????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??????????????? ????????? 32-bit global addresses ?????? ??????????????? ???????????? ?????????

ATM Cell Format

Asynchronous Transfer Mode ????????? ????????????????????? ?????? fixed-size units ?????? ????????? ????????? transmit ???????????? ?????? ????????? cells ?????? ??????????????? ???????????? ???????????? ????????? ???????????? cell ???????????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? cell ?????? ?????????????????? 53 bytes ?????? ???????????? ??????, ??????????????? 48 bytes ?????? payload ???????????? ?????? ?????? 5 bytes ?????? header ???????????? ?????????

Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) ?????? ?????? format types ???????????? ????????? ?????? ???????????? ????????? ????????? ?????? :

1. UNI Header: ?????? private ATM networks ?????? ??????????????? ATM endpoints ?????? Asynchronous Transfer Mode switches ?????? ??????????????? ????????? ????????????????????????????????? ???????????? ?????? ????????? ??????????????? ???????????? ???????????? ????????? ??????????????? GFC (Generic Flow Control) field ?????? ??????????????? ???????????? ?????????
2. NNI Header: NNI Header ????????? GFC (Generic Flow Control) ?????? ??????????????? ???????????? ?????? ?????? ?????? NNI Header ?????? ??????????????? ATM switches ?????? ????????? communication ?????? ????????? ???????????? ???????????? ????????? ???????????? ????????? ?????? Virtual Path Identifier (VPI) ???????????? ?????????

How does the ATM work in Hindi?

?????? Data, ATM packets, ?????? voice streams ?????? 48-byte ?????? ???????????? ???????????? - ???????????? ?????????????????? ????????? ???????????? ???????????? ?????? ?????? ??????????????? ??????????????? ?????? ??????????????? ???????????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??????????????? ????????? 5-byte ?????? routing header ????????? ???????????? ????????? ????????? ?????? ????????? cell ???????????? ???????????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??????????????? routing header ?????? ????????? ???????????? ?????????

Asynchronous Transfer Mode ?????? ???????????? ?????? ?????? cell ?????? ??????????????? ???????????? transmission ?????? ????????? ???????????? ????????? ?????? ????????? Asynchronous Transfer Mode cells ?????? ?????? ???????????? ???????????? ?????? ???????????? ???????????? same ???????????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ?????? ?????? ??????????????? ?????? ?????? 53 bytes ?????? ???????????? ????????? ?????? ????????? cells ????????? ?????? ????????? - ????????? ????????????????????? ???????????? ?????? ?????? ?????? header ???????????? ?????? ?????? ?????? payload ???????????? ????????? ???????????? header ??????????????? ????????? protocol-specific ????????????????????? ???????????? ?????? ?????? ????????? payload ????????? ???????????? ??????????????? ???????????? ?????? ?????? users ?????? ???????????? ?????????

Cells transmit ???????????? ?????? ????????????, Asynchronous Transfer Mode ?????? ?????? ?????? ??????????????? endpoints ?????? ????????? ????????? ?????? VC ????????????????????? ???????????? ????????? VC ?????? ????????????????????? ???????????? ?????? ????????? ??????, ATM ?????? VC ?????? ??????????????? ???????????? ???????????? cells ?????? transmit ???????????? ????????? ?????? ?????? cells ???????????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ?????? ?????? ?????????????????? ?????? ??????????????? ???????????? destination ?????? ????????????????????? ?????????

???????????????????????? (Conclusion)

?????? ???????????? ????????? ???????????? ?????? ?????? ???????????? computer network ?????? ?????????????????? ?????? ???????????? ???????????? ?????? ???????????? ????????? ????????? ?????? ?????? ???????????????????????? ????????????????????? ?????? ?????? ??????????????? ATM (Asynchronous Transfer Mode) ?????? ???????????? ????????? ????????? ?????????????????? ????????? ?????? ???????????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ?????? ????????? ????????? ??????????????? ?????? ???????????? ??????????????? ??????????????? ????????? ?????? ???????????? ?????? ??????????????? ?????? ???????????????????????? ????????? ?????? ????????????????????? ?????? ????????? ???????????? ???????????????????????? ????????? ??????????????? ???????????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??????????????? ????????? ????????? ???????????? ????????? Thanks for Reading.